Phillip and Religion. Foreign Policy. Peterson, A. C. (2014). Charles V Spain. All work was done on paper, on the basis of consultas (that is, memoranda, reports, and advice presented him by his ministers). Search. Manila: Anvil Publishing, 2002. He felt that he had been chosen by God. During his reign the Spanish empire attained its greatest power, extent, and influence, though he failed to suppress the revolt of the Netherlands (beginning in 1566) and lost the “Invincible Armada” in the attempted invasion of England (1588). King Philip II was a Catholic. ... consented to join. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Philip-II-king-of-Spain-and-Portugal, History Learning Site - Biography of Phillip II, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Philip II of Spain, Heritage History - Biography of Philip II, Philip II - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Philip II - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The first was with his cousin Maria of Portugal in 1543. The Spanish empire under Philip prospered: it attained its greatest power, extent, and influence. He never relented from his fight against heresy, defending the Catholic faith and limiting freedom of worship within his territories. The Royal Council decided to accept the provisions of the will of Charles II naming Philip, King of Spain, and the Spanish ambassador was called in and introduced to his new king. – King of Spain, born in 1527, was son of Charles V. Duke of Milan from 1540, he became, by the abdication of his father, first king of Naples and Sicily (1554), few months after ruler of the Netherlands (1555) and finally king of Spain (1556 ). Anna died of heart failure 8 months after giving birth to Maria in 1580. Phillip II and Government. Philip II. consort to an Infanta naturalized as a Spanish Infante, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba, Act for the Marriage of Queen Mary to Philip of Spain, Cultural depictions of Philip II of Spain, Grand Master of the Order of the Golden Fleece, Act of Parliament sanctioning his marriage with Mary, Descendants of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon, Ruy Gómez de Silva, 1st Prince of Éboli, "Navegantes europeos en el estrecho de Magallanes", "Expediciones a las costas de la Patagonia Occidental en el periodo colonial", "La expedición de John Narborough a Chile, 1670: Defensa de Valdivia, rumeros de indios, informaciones de los prisioneros y la creencia en la Ciudad de los Césares", "Twentieth Century Atlas – Historical Body Count", "An Act for the Marriage of Queen Mary to Philip of Spain", "Ten Great Events in History – Chapter VII. Generations are numbered by male-line descent from the first archdukes. Elizabeth bore Philip two daughters, Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) and Catherine Micaela (1567–97). Even in countries that remained Catholic, primarily France and the Italian states, fear and envy of Spanish success and domination created a wide receptiveness for the worst possible descriptions of Philip II. From 1548 until 1551, Philip traveled in Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands, but his great reserve and his inability to speak fluently any language except Castilian made him unpopular with the German and Flemish nobility. Anna of Austria, Married 1570 - 1580. Emeritus Professor of History, King's College, University of London. The Invincible Armada", "Forgotten history? During his reign the Spanish empire attained its greatest power, extent, and influence, though he lost the ‘Invincible Armada’ in the attempted invasion of England (1588). From Madrid he ruled his empire through his personal control of official appointments and all forms of patronage. "Philip II's patronage of science and engineering". They were married at Salamanca on 12 November 1543. Philip II of Spain - a timeline. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished in 1919. Philip II married four times and was four times a widower. There were several attempts by Protestant to overthrow Mary. Philip's first wife was his double first cousin, Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal. Philip’s subjects outside Castile, thus, never saw him, and they gradually turned not only against his ministers but also against him. Ruler of the most formidable power in Europe during the 1500s, King Philip II of Spain played a major role in world affairs and in the development of England's foreign policy during the Elizabethan Era, the period … Charles Laurence (12 August 1573 – 30 June 1575), died young. Maria (14 February 1580 – 5 August 1583), died young. In Madrid, or in the gloomy magnificence of his monastic palace of El Escorial, which he built (1563–84) on the slopes of the Sierra de Guadarrama, the king worked alone in his small office, giving his decisions or, as often, deferring them. He served as king of the Spaniards from 1556 to 1598 and as king of the Portuguese (as Philip I) from 1580 to 1598. Search Philip's third wife was Elisabeth of Valois, the eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici. The ambassador, along with his son, knelt before Philip and made a long speech in Spanish, which Philip … She was a daughter of Philip's maternal uncle, John III of Portugal, and paternal aunt, Catherine of Austria. As a child, Philip sometimes received secret memoranda from his father reminding him of the responsibility he bore as his father’s successor and warning him to be wary of advisers. Philip contracted four marriages. Philip II, detail of an oil painting by Titian; in the Corsini Gallery, Rome. Philip III, King of Spain, son of Philip II and his fourth wife, Anne, daughter of the emperor Maximilian II, was born at Madrid on the 14th of April 1578. After the victory over the French at Saint-Quentin (1557), the sight of the battlefield gave him a permanent distaste for war, though he did not shrink from it when he judged it necessary.